River-sand mining has risen dramatically in the last few decades to fulfil the need for concrete in the building sector. The sand in a river's bed preserves its environmental equilibrium (Farahani and Bayazidi, 2017).Excessive river-sand mining for use as fine aggregate in concrete is responsible for riverbed degradation, which causes a wide range of problems, including the …
To cope with the excessive consumption of river sand, Xiao et al. Low-carbon Materials and Green Construction Page 3 of 13 China began to implement the Yangtze River Sand Min- ing Management ... Fig. 1 Data of construction area and cement production in …
In China, the Yangtze River is a typical case with decreased sediment load and stable streamflow (Guo et al., 2019). Due to the intensified construction of large hydropower dams, the sediment reaching its delta continued to decrease (Dai and Lu, 2014), and the same changes also were observed in the Pearl River (Liu et al., 2014; Wu et al., 2020).
The demand for sand is rising, with the world needing approximately 30 to 50 billion tonnes per year (Gallagher and Peduzzi, 2019). Zimbabwe contributes to this global consumption of sand. Despite economic challenges ravaging the country over the last two decades, the country's cities are growing, as is the demand for construction sand.
More than half of the annual global concrete materials were produced in China due to the rapid developing construction industry, which partly led to the shortage of river sand.
The growing supply of manufactured sand is a result of China's increasing regulation of natural sand extraction and consumption. For example, sand extraction in the Yangtze River was banned in ...
According to the China Aggregates Association (Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China, 2019), the annual consumption of aggregates in the country has reached nearly 20 billion ...
The data set from design mixed laboratory trials of M Sand concrete in India, China, and Japan demonstrates among other characteristics a higher strength and greater workability. ... Technical code of safety production of river sand mining in Hebei Province. ... which could reduce sand consumption and ease the pressure on natural sand. It ...
47 cities of the pearl river basin (15.9% population of China) contributed to 13.1% of china's consumption-based emissions. • The largest gap in consumption-based emissions between cities was more than 40 times. • Large scale infrastructure was the biggest driver, leading to 42.1% to 75.6% of consumption-based emissions of the cities. •
According to the China Aggregates Association (Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China, 2019), the annual consumption of aggregates in the country …
Spatiotemporal changes in water consumption structure of the Yellow River Basin, China. Author links open overlay panel Jiaqi Sun a b, Xiaojun Wang b c, ... 2017; Sun et al., 2019) China often experiences severe water shortages, which is the major problem of China water conservancy. ... (such as China's administrative provinces), and there are ...
This study emphasized the north-south differences in changes in water and sediment fluxes in China's large rivers during the period 1950s–2020 and their dominant …
China's oil consumption growth accounted for an estimated two-thirds of incremental global oil consumption in 2019. China consumed an estimated 14.5 million barrels per day of petroleum and other liquids in 2019, up 500,000 barrels per day, or nearly 4 percent, from 2018.. ... The Chinese government and BP/Shell formed a venture to extract ...
China accounted for nearly half of the world's sand consumption in 2012. Here we present a material flow analysis of sand from 1995 to 2020 that shows China's overall sand supply surged by ...
Semantic Scholar extracted view of "End illegal sand mining in China." by Mingrong Liang et al. Skip to search form Skip to main content Skip to account menu. Semantic Scholar's Logo. Search 222,870,750 papers from all fields of science. Search. Sign In Create Free Account.
In 2020, the proportion of natural sand compared with total sand supply stood at only around 21 per cent – down from around 80 per cent in 1995. It represents a landmark in the history of human civil engineering, especially considering that China's sand consumption is an outstandingly high percentage of global use.
the supply and demand of construction sand in China from 1995 to 2020. They found that China's sand demand surged with economic growth and urbanization, increasing from 1.4 Gt per year in 1995 ...
This report aims to contribute to the global debate on sand governance. It focuses on construction sand and maps three interrelated elements: (1) the global, regional and country specific trade in sand; (2) the current state of the social-scientific literature on sand extraction, as well as key policy reports (3) other governance efforts in the extractive industries, to provide jumping-off ...
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As the world's second most consumed resource, sand is being depleted at an alarming rate. China accounted for nearly half of the world's sand consumption in 2012. Here we present a material ...
Even though it would be in nature's best interest, a worldwide ban on sand mining is not an option as the demand for sand is enormous and ever-growing (Gallagher and Peduzzi, 2019).Between 1900 and 2010 the global demand for sand increased 23-fold (Torres et al., 2017) and it is expected to grow to a colossal 82 billion tons by 2060 (Fritts, 2019).
Our results reveal that China's total sand supply increased approxi - mately fivefold, from ~1.4 Gt yr −1 in 1995 to ~7.0 Gt yr −1 in 2020, to sup - port its unprecedented urbanization and …
China's sand and stone production accounts for approximately 35% of the world's sand and stone production, and it could reach 2.5 × 10 10 t by 2030 [2]. ... Effect of Replacing Fine Aggregate ...
Natural aggregates, including river sand, lake sand, desalinated sea sand, mountain sand, pit sand, and pebbles, are naturally formed rock particles that are extracted and screened by labor. ... (Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China, 2019), the annual consumption of aggregates in the country has reached nearly 20 billion ...
In China, sand and gravel demand was approximately 18 billion tons in 2021 (https://; accessed on 3 March 2022). The Yangtze River Basin (YRB) is a …
Meanwhile, the MGB XI expressed concern over the increasing consumption of sand and gravel because the annual replenishment of sediments in river bed is not 100 percent. "Even Davao del Norte, they are already thinking not …
This was mainly attributed to China's encouragement of expanded use of manufactured sand in building materials in 2011 (ref. 13). After 2015, China's manufactured sand sup - ply stayed at ~4.7–5.5 Gt yr−1, mainly due to the slowdown of China's urbanization progress. We further traced China's sand flows throughout the whole life
This principle means reducing river sand consumption, and is the most basic measure to solve the river sand shortage. This principle requires that the amount of river sand should be reduced as much as possible while meeting the needs and requirements of humans for construction. On the … See more
Since the beginning of the 21st century, global carbon emissions have rapidly increased, rising 40 % between 2000 and 2019. Emissions peaked at 34.36 billion tonnes in 2019, with per capita carbon emissions reaching a record high of 4.42 tonnes (Petroleum, 2022, Cao et al., 2022).Climate change is a universal anthropogenic challenge, and achieving net-zero CO 2 …
They could be obtained not only from the river sand but also from a variety of silicon-containing ores, such as vein quartz, quartz gravel, etc. ... (Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China, 2019), the annual consumption of aggregates in the country has reached nearly 20 billion tons in recent years, occupying over half of ...
This is probably due to three reasons, with the first being that the density of the iron tailings sand (3.03 g/cm 3) is larger than the river sand (2.68 g/cm 3); it could be calculated that the volume ratio of fine aggregate in concrete decreased from 27.8% to 24.0%, when the river sand was replaced by the iron tailing sand of the same mass ...
2019 1900–2000 600–700 300–400 2020 2000 700–800 400 Table 2 Average price of fine aggregate (Bangalore, Karnataka) ... Current natural river sand consumption in tones were collected from government mines report it was collected in state wise it was shown in Fig. 1.
Assuming that in one year, the Saddang River sand mining operations last for 350 days, the annual production volume can be estimated at 890736 m³/year.
Human activities, in particular extensive agriculture, expanded the water use which has decreased, the number of supply streams of the Tarim River (Wang et al., 2003).The imbalance of water consumption proportion in the upper (14–19 × 10 8 m 3 a −1), middle (22–15 × 10 8 m 3 a −1) and lower reaches (14–6 × 10 8 m 3 a −1) of Tarim River led to a rapid …
The continued loss of habitat via river damming, water pollution, sand mining, urbanization, land use changes, agricultural practices, and overfishing has led to rapid decreases in the species ...
sand, combined, accounted for the remainder of industrial sand and gravel end uses. consumption of silica sand as frac sand decreased by 7% in 2019 compared with that in 2018. increased consumption was noted for many end uses, including abrasives, glassmaking sand, other whole grain silica, recreational sand, and roofing granules and fillers.
In 2020, the proportion of natural sand compared with total sand supply stood at only around 21 per cent – down from around 80 per cent in 1995. It represents a landmark in the history of civil engineering, especially considering that China's sand consumption is an outstandingly high percentage of global use, according to the researchers
Sand consumption has increased worldwide, ... . Impact of sand minig on the carbon sequestration and nitrogen removal ability of soil in the riparian area of Lijiang River, China. Environ. Pollut. 2020, 261, 114220. ... The Hidden Environmental Toll of Mining the World's Sand, Yale Environment 360. 2019.